The shaded pole motor has only the main winding and no starting winding. However, there is a pair of short-circuit rings at each pole of the stator, also known as the "electrode cover pole",

When the motor is energized, the main magnetic pole part generates a magnetic field, which is pulsating, and the motor does not rotate. However, a short circuit current is generated in the short circuit ring, so that the magnetic field generated by the covered part of the magnetic pole lags behind the magnetic field of the uncovered part, so the magnetic pole constitutes a rotating magnetic field, and the motor rotor will rotate and start working.

In fact, this short circuit ring is equivalent to the starting winding of the motor. The covered pole motor usually uses a cage type bevel slot cast aluminum rotor.

According to the different shape structure of the stator, it is divided into convex pole covered pole motor hidden pole covered pole motor.

A. The stator core of the salient pole covered pole motor is A square, rectangular or circular magnetic field frame, the magnetic pole is convex, and each magnetic pole has 1 or more short circuit copper rings that play an auxiliary role, that is, the cover pole winding. The central winding on the salient pole is used as the main winding.

B, the stator core of the hidden pole type covered pole motor is the same as that of the ordinary single-phase motor, the stator winding is distributed, the main winding is distributed in the stator slot, the covered pole winding is not short circuited copper ring, but the thicker enamelled wire is wound into the distributed winding (short circuit after series) embedded in the stator slot (about 1/3 of the total number of slots), which plays the role of the auxiliary group. The main winding and the shield winding are spaced at a certain Angle.